Chokwadi chekuti Windows 10 yava pedyo nekupera kwerutsigiro rwayo uye kuti Microsoft iri kusundira mberi Windows 11 zvinoreva kuti vazhinji vatoona chero chinhu chakauya kare se "mbiri yekare." Asi pane imwe system inoramba kurega: Windows 95 ichiripo munzvimbo dzisingagoneki kumisa michina.uye uko kuenderana kunopfuura zvinhu zvitsva.
Pane kungoda kuziva vanhu vanoyeuka zvinhu zvekare, sisitimu iyi yekushanda ichiri pakati pezvitima, mapurazi, marabhoritari, uye kunyange zvivakwa zvakakosha. Dambudziko racho riri pachena: Tinoziva kuti kushandisa sisitimu isina rutsigiro injodzi huru yekuchengetedzaAsi munzvimbo dzakawanda dzemaindasitiri nesainzi, kuchinja chimwe chinhu chinoshanda kunogona kuva nengozi (uye kudhura) pane kuchichengeta sezvachiri.
Sei Windows 95 yava "rocker yekare" inokosha?
Ngano yeWindows 95 haina kungobva pakusuwa nguva yakapfuura chete; yakavakirwa pachokwadi chekuti, zvechokwadi legacy systems, Ndiyo nzvimbo iri pakati penzvimbo yese yekugadzira kana yekudzora inotenderedzwaMunzvimbo dzakawanda dzekushandisa, pfungwa yacho yakajeka: kana software yekutanga yakagadzirirwa sisitimu iyoyo yekushanda uye yave ichishanda kwemakumi emakore pasina zvikanganiso zvakakomba, kuibata kunenge kusaremekedza.
Mudzimba hazvinetse kana chirongwa chikamira kushanda mushure mekuvandudzwa, asi muindasitiri, mukufambisa, kana mukutsvaga, Chero kusawirirana pakati pehardware itsva nesoftware yekare kunogona kukonzera mhedzisiro yakaipa.Kusawirirana kunomuka nevanodzora. kusawirirana nezvinhu zvakakoshaKuenzanisa zvinhu zvisingachaenderani uye maitiro asingaenderane. Uye kana kuchengetedzeka kwevanhu kana kuenderera mberi kwebhizinesi kuchienderana nemaitiro iwayo, kungwarira ndiko kunonyanya kukosha.
Ndosaka mamaneja mazhinji achibatirira kumutemo usina kunyorwa weinjiniya: "Kana isina kuputsika, usaigadzirise"Ipfungwa inoenderana zvakanaka nemasisitimu akaita seWindows 95 kana kunyangwe nemitauro yakaita seCOBOL neFORTRAN, ichiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya mumabhangi, inishuwarenzi kana nzvimbo dzesainzi nekuti kuzvinyora patsva kana kuzvitamisa kwaizova dambudziko guru.
Zvitima muSweden: makabati emazuva ano ane mweya wegore ra1995
Imwe nyaya inoshamisa ndeyezvitima muSweden, uko mugadziri wesoftware anoshandawo semutyairi wezvitima akataura kuti Mune rimwe re "mahofisi" ake achiri kushandisa touchscreen inoshandisa Windows 95.Pakutanga, cockpit inoita seyemazuva ano, ine graphical interface yakabatana zvakanaka, asi uropi hunodzora zvese ndihwo hurongwa hwepakati pemakore ekuma90.
Zvitima izvi, zvinoshanda munzvimbo dzakadai seBergslagen, zvakashandisa nzira iyi kutanga kwema2000, apo maroketi akaendeswa. Mamwe makomputa akatovandudzwa kuita Windows XPAsi chikamu chikuru chengarava dzakaramba dziri sezvadzakaendeswa: Windows 95, pasina shanduko huru kubvira ipapo. Kune vashandi vekugadzirisa, iyi yaive shanduko yetekinoroji zvichienzaniswa nezvitima zvekare, nematekisi azere nezvinhu zvinodzora muviri uye pasina masisitimu emakombiyuta.
Pfungwa dzekambani yechitima dziri nyore kwazvo: Musanganiswa iwoyo wehardware, touchscreen, uye control software wakaedzwa kwemakore mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo.Kuchinja sisitimu yekushandisa kunogona kukanganisa kubatana kwakasimba kunokanganisa mabhureki, masaini emukati, manejimendi esimba, uye kuongororwa kwezvikanganiso. Chero bedzi network inoshanda michina iyi yakaparadzaniswa uye sisitimu yacho isina kubatana neinternet, njodzi yekurwiswa kwecyber inoita seinogoneka kana tichienzanisa nenjodzi yekumisa zvitima kana kukonzera kutyorwa kwekuchengetedzwa nekuda kwekutama kusina kurongwa zvakanaka.
Purazi remazai muGermany: mayuniti zviuru makumi mana pazuva anotarisirwa neWindows 95
Kunyangwe pakati peEurope, tinoona Windows 95 ichiri kuita mabasa makuru. MuDüsseldorf, Germany, Mapurazi makuru ehuku achiri kushandisa software chaiyo inoshanda paWindows 95 cheteMuchina unoshanda pakuumbwa kwemazai unoita 40 x 40 metres uye unotarisira zvese: kugamuchira, kuisa muzvikamu, kuyera uye kurongedza mazai.
Zuva rega rega, mayuniti angangoita 40.000 anogadziriswa, anorongwa zvichienderana nehuremu uye mhando, uye anorongwa mumabhokisi evanhu vatanhatu kana gumi. Software iyi, yakagadzirwa nemuchina uyu, inoshandisa Windows 95 senzira yekubatanidza ma sensor, ma scales, labelers, uye ma printer.Chikamu chemuchina chinogona kuramba chichifambisa mazai kunyangwe kana sisitimu ikakundikana, asi kutevedza kwese kwedhijitari kwaizorasika uye batch yega yega yaizofanira kurekodhwa nemaoko.
Muridzi wepurazi anotsanangura kuti Sisitimu yacho yakagadzikana, uye kana paine dambudziko, kungotangazve zvinhu kunodzosera zvinhu zvakajairika.Ruzivo rwavo nderwekuti, munzvimbo iyoyo inodzorwa, Windows 95 inoshanda zviri nani pane mapurogiramu matsva anowanzo kuunza zvichangobva kuitika, shanduko dzakawanda, uye mukana mukuru wekukanganisa chimwe chinhu.
Zvisinei, dambudziko harisi rekuti system inoshanda chete, asi kuti nharaunda yese yakapoteredza system iyi. Chishandiso ichi chakanyorwa nenyanzvi yepurogiramu isingachakwanise kuchigadzirisa kuti chienderane nemasisitimu emazuva ano.Zvimwe zvikamu zvinoenderana nemidziyo yekare: maprinta chaiwo, makadhi ekuwana data, ma interfaces epachivande… Kutsvaga zvikamu zvekuchengetedza kunosanganisira kutsvaga mumakatalogi akamboshandiswa uye ma portal ekutengesa, nekuti zvikamu zvakawanda hazvichagadzirwi.
Mari yekuvandudza tambo iyi yakakwira zvikuru: Murimi anofungidzira kuti kutsiva muchina uyu kwaizodhura zvakafanana nekutenga imba yemhuri.Uye hazvisi zvekushandisa mumichina mitsva chete; asiwo mavhiki ekushanda anodiwa pakuisa, kupa zvitupa, kuyedzwa, uye kudzidziswa kwevashandi. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kuomerera paWindows 95 kunoita sechisarudzo chisina kugadzikana, chakarongwa, kwete kungofunga nezvenguva yakapfuura.
Windows 95 iri mukutonga kwemafambiro endege nezvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha
Kuona Windows 95 papurazi kana muchitima kwatove kunoshamisa, asi Mhedzisiro yacho yakakura kana tichitaura nezvekudzora kufamba kwendege muUnited States.Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), iyo ine basa rekuongorora ndege dzehurumende munyika, yave ichishanda kwemakumi emakore ine masisitimu akavakirwa kuma90s.
Kwemakore, vanodzora mafambiro endege vashanda ne makombiyuta aishanda neWindows 95 uye aivimba nemafloppy disks nemapepa ekushandisa pakuita mamwe mabasa awo.Maitiro aya ekare akaonekwa se "asingagone kuenderera mberi" nesangano pacharo munguva pfupi yapfuura. Dambudziko harisi rekuchengetedzeka kwemakombiyuta chete - ma network aya anowanzo kuve akasiyana zvakanyanya - asiwo kuvimbika kwemidziyo yekare uye software isingatsigirwi.
Zviitiko zvakaita sekusagadzikana kwenhandare yendege yeNewark mushure mekukundikana kwehurongwa hwemagetsi zvakaratidza kusasimba uku. Ndosaka pakaumbwa mubatanidzwa unonzi Modern Skies, uri kukurudzira zvachose siya ma floppy disks nema operating systems akare mu air infrastructurePamberi peCongress, vakuru veFAA vanga vachitaura pachena kuti hurongwa hwacho hunofanira kutsiviwa, mafloppy disks anofanira kusiiwa, uye mashandiro ebasa achiri kushandiswa pamapepa anofanira kuiswa padhijitari.
Kuvandudzwa kwechirongwa ichi chikamu chechirongwa ichi Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen)Chirongwa ichi chakanangana nekushandura zvachose mafambisirwo ekufamba kwendege. Dhipatimendi reKufambisa rinotaura nezvenguva yemakore mana uye mutengo wemakumi emabhiriyoni emadhora, kunyangwe nyanzvi zhinji dzichiona izvi sezvakanaka. Dambudziko nderekugadzirisa zvivakwa zvinoshanda maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pasvondo, pasina kukanganisa mashandiro., chimwe chinhu chakafanana nekuchinja injini yendege iri pakati pendege.
Iyi haisiriyo yega nyaya iri kuitika muchikamu ichi. Semuenzaniso, panhandare yendege yeParis-Orly, Windows 3.1 yakatoshandiswawo kune system yemamiriro ekunze inonzi DECORSisitimu iyi ine basa rekupa ruzivo rwakakosha nezvemadutu uye kusaonekwa zvakanaka kwevanodzora mafambiro endege. Kukundikana kwesisitimu iyi kwakaita kuti nhandare dzendege dzivharwe kwenguva pfupi muna 2015 na2017, uye zvipikirwa zvekuivandudza zvakanonoka gore negore.
Boeing, madhisiki efloppy uye mahwindo ekare munyika yendege
Ndege dzekutengeserana hadzinawo zvisaririra zvetekinoroji. Muenzaniso wekare ndewe Boeing 747-400, iyo navigation system yayo yakagadziridzwa ichishandisa ma floppy disks e3,5-inchMazuva makumi maviri nemasere ega ega, nyanzvi yemagetsi inokwira mundege nemadhisiki akatevedzana kuti iise mudhatabhesi remazuva ano renzira nenzvimbo dzekufambisa, mumabhuroko e1,44 MB chete padhisiki rega rega.
Rudzi urwu rwekuita harisi dambudziko rekushaya ruzivo, asi rezvitupa: Chero shanduko kuhardware kana software mukati mendege yekutengeserana inosanganisira maitiro akaomarara ekusimbisa.Kutsiva floppy disk drive nemhinduro yemazuva ano haisi nyaya yekungobatanidza tambo yeUSB chete: zvinoda kuyedzwa, magwaro, uye mvumo yemutemo, izvo zvinodhura uye zvinotora nguva.
Uyezve, vaimbove vashandi veBoeing vakatsanangura kuti Mune mamwe maindasitiri ekugadzira, kwaive kuchine masisitimu emidziyo akakosha aishanda neWindows 95 kana kunyange Windows 3.1.Muzviitiko izvi, pfungwa yacho inodzokororwa: idzi masisitimu anodzora michina chaiyo kana mabhenji ekuyedza akagadzirirwa nharaunda iyoyo, uye kuachinja kunosanganisira kugadzira patsva software nechikamu chehardware.
MaObservatories, marabhoritari uye nyaya yeArecibo
Kuongorora nyeredzi nesainzi zvimwe zvinhu uko Windows 95 inoramba kunyangarika. Munhoroondo PaArecibo Observatory muPuerto Rico, komputa ine 486 inoshandisa Windows 95 yakashandiswa pakuyerwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana.Midziyo iyoyo inosanganisira makadhi ane interface yeISA yakagadzirirwa chaizvo kuyedza kwema90.
Masayendisiti ane basa remapurojekiti aya anga achiunganidza data rine chimiro chakafanana kwemakumi emakore, izvo zvinovimbisa kuti nhevedzano yenguva dzinoenderana nekufamba kwenguvaKuchinja maitiro acho kunogona kuchinja zvishoma kuverenga, kuunza rusaruro, kana kuputsa kuenzanisa kwezvakaitika kare, chimwe chinhu chisingagamuchirwi nevaongorori vazhinji.
Ehe, kuchengetedza 486 iri mhenyu muzana remakore rechi21 harisi basa diki. Kana chikamu chikakundikana, Vanamakanika vanotendeukira kumawebhusaiti akaita seeBay kuti vawane zvimwe zvinhu zvinotsivaZvinoda kugadziriswa neunyanzvi, asi zviri nani, sekureva kwavo, kugadzirisa kuedza kwese kubva pakutanga.
Mune mamwe marabhoritari, zvakaonekwa Ma microscopes esimba reatomu anotungamirirwa neWindows 95 PCsVari kutungamira vanotsanangura kuti mune tekinoroji zvinogona kutamiswa kuita chimwe chinhu chitsva, asi mari yekugadzira patsva kubatanidzwa uye kugadzirisa patsva chishandiso haina kukosha chero bedzi michina ichiramba ichizadzisa basa rayo.
MaATM, mahofisi uye masisitimu emauto: kupfuura nyaya yacho
MaATM ndeimwe muenzaniso wekare wemasisitimu ekare. Munyika dzakawanda, kusanganisira dzimwe nyika dzemuEurope nedziri kusimukira, Kuchine maATM anoshanda paWindows XP, Windows NT, Windows 98, uye kunyange Windows 95.Kazhinji vanoramba vachishanda nekuti vakabatana nemambure ekare ebhangi uye vakapedza makore vasina zviitiko zvakakomba.
Dambudziko nderekuti kana maATM aya akabatana kune network yakakura pasina dziviriro yakakodzera, Kuwanda kwekusasimba kwemaitiro aya kunobvumira murwisi kuti azvikuvadze zviri nyore.Kune kuratidzwa kweveruzhinji kwekuti laptop kana bhodhi diki rakaita seRaspberry Pi, pamwe chete nesoftware chaiyo, zvakakwana sei kudzora ATM mumaminitsi mashoma chete.
Vanoraramawo munharaunda yehurumende Mahofisi ekutarisira mitero nemakambani emutemo anotarisira maPC ane Windows 95Masangano mazhinji anochengeta magwaro ari mumafomu ekare kubva kumasuites akaita seMicrosoft Works kana Lotus Smartsuite. Sezvo shanduro dzemazuva ano dzeOffice dzisingagoni kuvhura mafaira aya nemazvo, vanosarudza kuchengetedza mamiriro ekutanga kuti vawane zvinyorwa izvo, nekuda kwezvinodiwa nemutemo, zvinofanirwa kuchengetwa kwemakore.
Nzvimbo yemauto haina kusununguka kubva munhaka yayo zvakare. Magwaro akawanikwa. masisitimu ekudzora zvombo zvenyukireya nemapuratifomu ekudzivirira achiri kushandisa Windows 95 kana Windows 98Nekuti software inodzora zvishandiso izvozvo yakagadzirwa zvakanangana neshanduro idzodzo. Kutama kunoda kuvandudzwa kwezvombo nemaprotocol, nemutengo uye njodzi iyo masangano asingade kufungidzira nguva dzose.
Kunyangwe masangano makuru akaita sePentagon akabvuma izvozvo Kwemakore akawanda, makombiyuta avo aishanda paWindows XP kana shanduro dzekare.Kunyangwe paine kuedza kwakaitwa kutamisa masisitimu mazhinji kuenda kune mamwe mavhezheni matsva, chikamu chemasisitimu ekare achiri kupararira mundege, mabhesi, nenzvimbo dziri kure. Kuachengetedza achishanda kunoda zvibvumirano zvekutsigira neMicrosoft, zvichikonzera mari yakawanda gore negore.
Huremu hwenhaka: COBOL, FORTRAN uye software yakagadzirwa
Windows 95 haisi nyaya yega yega; Icho chikamu chehurongwa hwetekinoroji yekare inoramba ichitsigira zvikamu zvakakoshaMitauro yakaita seCOBOL neFORTRAN ichiri kukosha mumabhanga, inishuwarenzi, uye munzvimbo dzedzidzo. Hazvirevi kuti hapana dzimwe nzira dzemazuva ano; asi kuti kutamira kwadziri kune njodzi dzekutyora masisitimu ayo mamiriyoni ekutengeserana kwezuva nezuva anovimba nawo.
Mumasangano mazhinji, software inodzora maitiro akakosha yakanyorwa makumi emakore apfuura nemapoka asisipo. Zvinyorwa zvacho hazvina kunyatsojeka, kodhi yacho yakaoma, uye kazhinji vanhu vashoma chete ndivo vanonzwisisa mashandiro ayo.Kubata chimwe chinhu usinganyatsonzwisisa zvachinoreva kunogona kukonzera zvikanganiso zvisingatauriki zvinoonekwa kana zvatove zvatononoka.
Uyezve, yakawanda yesoftware iyi yakabatana zvakananga nehardware chaiyo: makadhi ekudzora, mabhazi emaindasitiri, zvinhu zvekunze zvine maprotocol epamutemoKugadzirisa sisitimu yekushandisa kunosanganisira kuona kuti chimwe nechimwe chezvinhu izvi chicharamba chichishanda zvakafanana, chimwe chinhu chisingawanzovimbiswe pasina kuiswa kwakawanda kwemiedzo, masimulation, uye michina yekutsiva.
Njodzi dzekuchengetedza: kana kugadzikana kwehunyanzvi kuchipesana nekuchengetedzwa kwepamhepo
Kubva pakuona kwekuchengetedzwa kwemakombiyuta, Kushandisa masisitimu asina rutsigiro seWindows 95 mutambo une njodzi huruSisitimu iyi yakamira kugamuchira zviziviso zvekuchengetedza muna 2001, uye kubvira ipapo matambudziko akawanda akawanikwa asingazombogadziriswi zviri pamutemo.
Kana komputa ine Windows 95 yakabatana neInternet, Inogona kuonekwa uye kurwiswa zviri nyore nematsotsi epaindanetiKubva pakutora simba rekushandisa komputa kusvika pakuisa ransomware kana kuishandisa sechikamu chebotnet, mikana yacho yakakura. Kunyangwe pasina kubatana zvakananga netiweki, munhu anorwisa ane mukana wekushandisa komputa ane mukana wakakura kupfuura masisitimu akasimba uye emazuva ano.
Nokudaro, zvivakwa zvakawanda zvinoramba zvichishandisa masisitimu aya zvinoshandisa danho rakasimba asi rinoshanda: Vanovaparadzanisa zvachose neinternet uye vanovachengeta panetwork dzakavharwa.Sezvo vasingaonekwe nenyika yekunze, mavector mazhinji ekurwiswa anonyangarika, uye njodzi huru inova kutadza kwehardware kana kukanganisa kwevanhu, kwete kubiwa kweremote.
Izvi hazvirevi kuti hapana njodzi; dzinongova dzakasiyana. Madhiraivha akaomarara ane makumi emakore, magetsi akasakara, mamaboard ane zvinhu zvekare...zvese izvi zvinowedzera mukana wekuti kukuvara kwemuviri kuitike panguva yakaipa zvikuru. Uye kuwana zvikamu zvinotsiva zvinoenderana kunova kwakaoma gore negore, zvichiita kuti kugadzirisa kuwedzere kudhura uye kunonoke.
Sei zvisiri kugadziriswa: mari, nguva yekuzorora, uye kutya kuputsa chimwe chinhu?
Nenjodzi idzi dzose dziripo, zvine musoro kubvunza kuti: Sei zvikwata zvese izvi zvisiri kutsiviwa mushure menguva yakareba kudai? Mhinduro yacho inosanganisa hupfumi, matekiniki, uye, kazhinji, kutonga njodzi chete.
Chikonzero chekutanga mutengo wakananga. Mumaindasitiri akadai sekurima, ndege, kana njanji, Kuvandudza muchina wemakiyi kunogona kuenzana nemutengo wemba kana kupfuura.Uye hatisi kungotaura nezvekutenga sisitimu itsva chete, asi nezve kumisa kugadzirwa, kugadzirisa maitiro, uye kugamuchira mavhiki kana mwedzi yekusashanda kwechikamu.
Chikonzero chechipiri mutengo usina kunanga: kudzidzisa vashandi vese, kugadzirisa maitiro patsva, kupasa maodhi uye kutevedzera mitemoMuzvivakwa zvakakosha, shanduko yega yega inofanirwa kunyorwa uye kutsigirwa nevatongi, zvichiita kuti chero kuvandudzwa kuve purojekiti yakaoma uye yakareba.
Chikonzero chechitatu kutya kuputsa chimwe chinhu chiri kushanda parizvino. Vazhinji vemamaneja eIT nemabasa vanosarudza kuchengetedza nharaunda yakajairika, kunyangwe iri yechinyakare, zvichienzaniswa nekutanga kutama kunogona kuratidza matambudziko asina kuraraKana hurongwa huripo hwapfuura makore akawanda pasina kutadza kukuru uye zvakawanda zvakashandiswa mukuita kuti huve nematanho ekudzivirira, muedzo wekuhusiya sezvahuri wakanaka.
Muhurumende, bhajeti shoma uye zvinhu zvinokosheswa nezvematongerwo enyika zvinobatanidzwawo. Kuvandudza hurongwa hwakakosha kunogona kukwikwidzana nezvimwe zvinodiwa zvinoonekwa zviri pachena.Izvi zvinononotsa kana kumisa mapurojekiti anodiwa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, matekinoroji ekare anozopedzisira adzoserwa mberi kwemakumi emakore.
Mifananidzo yese iyi yezvitima zvekuSweden, mapurazi ekuGermany, nzvimbo dzekuongorora, maATM, nenzvimbo dzekudzora mafambiro endege inoratidza kuti Windows 95 nedzimwe nzira dzekare dzinoramba dziri chinhu chisiri chechokwadi muzvivakwa zvakawandaKuramba kuripo kwacho hakusi kwekungoda zvinhu zvakamboitika asi kunokonzerwa nekusanganiswa kwemari, njodzi, zvitupa, uye kungwara kwekushanda.
Chinokosha, kune chero sangano richiri kuvimba naro, ndechekuwana chiyero pakati pekugadzikana kwakawanikwa nesimba uye kudiwa kusingadzivisike kwekuvandudza muzvikamu uye kumutsiridza mashandisirwo ekare, dambudziko risati rapera, kana kuti rimwe risingagoneke, risati rachinja dambudziko rinogadziriswa kuita musoro chaiwo. Goverana ruzivo uye vamwe vashandisi vachadzidza zvese nezvenyaya iyi.