MuWindows, vashandisi vazhinji vanokwanisa kushandisa graphical interface kubatanidza kuWiFi, kuchinja mamwe marongero, kana kutarisa kana paine internet connection, asi kana uchida kuenda mberi uye kunyatsoongorora zviri kuitika pa networkChikumbiro chemirairo (CMD) chinova mubatsiri wako akanakisisa. Kubva ipapo unogona kuona nzira, maports, DNS, kurasikirwa nemapaketi, kugadzirisa maIP, kugadzirisa firewall, nezvimwe zvakawanda, kazhinji zvinokurumidza kupfuura kufamba mumamenyu. Unogona zvakare kushandisa maturusi akaita seGlassWire kuona zviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki uye kutarisa network yako.
Kana uchishanda mukutarisira masisitimu, kuchengetedzwa kwemakombiyuta, kana kuti uri munhu anoda kuziva zvinoitika kana chimwe chinhu "chisingashande pa internet," uchinzwisisa Mirairo yepamusoro yenetwork muCMD (netsh, ipconfig, ping, tracert nedzimwe) Zvinoita mutsauko mukuru. Hazvisi zvekugadzirisa matambudziko chete, asi zvekudzivirira matambudziko, kunyora pasi zvivakwa, uye kuita mabasa anodzokororwa otomatiki uchishandisa batch scripts, uye zvinobatsira kuziva matanho akaita seaya. ASR (Attack Surface Reduction) nenzira yakadzama yekudzivirira.
Chii chinonzi CMD uye nei ichiri chinhu chakakosha pakubatana kwevanhu?
Kunyangwe zvinganzwika sezvakaitika kare, CMD ndiyo muturikiri wemirairo wekare weWindowsInotsiva MS-DOS yekare. Ipurogiramu yekunyora inoshanda semushanduri pakati pezvaunonyora nesystem yekushandisa, zvichikubvumidza kuti ushandise mapurogiramu, mashandisirwo emuno, uye .bat scripts ine mwero wekutonga uyo usingawanzopihwa ne graphical interface.
Kuti uvhure, ingotsvaga "cmd" kana "Command Prompt" muStart menu, kana kuti tinya Win + R, kunyora cmd uye gamuchira. Kana uchizoshandisa mirairo inokanganisa marongero enetwork, firewalls, kana masevhisi, zvakanaka kuivhura semutongi (tinya kurudyi> Mhanya semutongi) kudzivirira kukanganisa kwemvumo.
Kubva kuCMD unogona kushandisa zvese zvishandiso zvekare zveMS-DOS pamwe nezvishandiso zvemazuva ano zve networking. Uyezve, inotsigira zvinyorwa zvebatchIzvi zvinokutendera kuti uite mabasa anodzokororwa otomatiki akadai sekuchinja ma IP, kubvisa ma cache, kugadzira backups, kuita diagnostics dzezuva nezuva, uye kugadzirisa zvinokosheswa ne network zvakaita se chinja kukosha kwekubatana kwenetiwekiiyo ine simba guru munzvimbo dzemakambani.
Mirairo yakakosha yekugadzirisa network
Kune boka diki remirairo iyo chero mutungamiriri kana mushandisi wepamusoro aifanira kunge akajairana nayo tsvaga pfupiso yemagadzirirwo enetwork uye kutanga waongorora kana paine chakaipa.
ipconfig: mufananidzo wekugadzirisa IP yako
Kuraira ipconfig inoratidza pachidimbu Kugadziriswa kweTCP/IP kwema adapta ese Ruzivo rwemudziyo: IP address, subnet mask, gateway, DNS, DHCP status, nezvimwewo. Apa ndipo panotanga kuziva network yauri kushandisa uye kuti mapaketi ari kuenda kupi.
Kana ukangonyora ipconfigUchaona kero ye IP ye interface yega yega (Ethernet, WiFi, virtual adapters, nezvimwewo). ipconfig / zvose Unowana tsanangudzo yakazara: kero dzemuviri (MAC), DHCP leases, DNS servers, tsananguro yeadapta yega yega, nezvimwewo, zvinobatsira zvikuru kune nyorai michina kana kutumira ruzivo kunotsigira.
ipconfig inokutenderawo kuti ugone kugadzirisa hukama neDHCP server neDNS cache nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana anowanzo shandiswa mukugadzirisa matambudziko enetwork:
- ipconfig / release: inoburitsa kero yeIP yazvino yakawanikwa neDHCP.
- ipconfig / reva: inokumbira kero itsva ye IP kubva kuDHCP server.
- ipconfig / flushdns: inobvisa DNS cache yesystem.
- ipconfig / displaydns: inoratidza zviri mukati meDNS cache.
Kubatanidzwa ipconfig / release seguido de ipconfig / reva uye zvekare ipconfig / flushdns Kazhinji vanogadzirisa kusawirirana kweIP, shanduko dzenetwork, kana matambudziko nemadomain akachinja maseva asi komputa ichiri kunongedzera kumaIP ekare, uye ipfungwa yakanaka kutarisawo DNS yakanakisa yeWindows kana chisarudzo chacho chakundikana.
ping: humbowo hwehupenyu hwenetwork
Kuraira ping Ndiyo bvunzo iri nyore uye panguva imwe chete ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa pakuongorora Tarisa kana mugamuchiri ari kupindura pa networkInotumira mapaketi eICMP echo kuIP kana domain uye inoratidza kana paine mhinduro, kuti zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuenda nekudzoka (latency), uye kuti mapaketi mangani arasika.
Unogona kupinza ping zvese zviri zviviri IP kero (semuenzaniso, router yako kana sevha yemukati) senge Domains kubva pa internet. Kana bvunzo yacho ikabudirira, uchaona mitsara yakaita seiyi. "Pindura kubva kuna XXXX" pamwe chete nenguva iri mumamilisekonzi uye TTL. Kana zvikakundikana, mameseji akaita se "Mubati wenzvimbo haasvikiki" o "Chikumbiro ichi chapera nguva" Vanokupa ruzivo rwekuti chii chiri kuitika.
Mamwe ma ping parameters izvo zvinofanirwa kugadziriswa:
- ping 192.168.1.1 -n 1000: inotumira mapaketi chiuru panzvimbo pe4 akajairika, anobatsira pakutarisa kugadzikana uye kurasikirwa.
- ping 192.168.1.1 -w 3000: inowedzera nguva yekumirira kusvika 3000 ms papaketi imwe neimwe.
- ping 192.168.1.1 -t: inochengetedza ping nekusingaperi kusvika waimisa neCtrl+C.
Kunyangwe zvichikunetsa kusiya ping inogara iripo, Kushandisa ICMP zvisina kunaka kunogona kukonzera kuzara kana kurasikirwa pama network anonyanya kugadzikana, saka zvakanaka kuishandisa zvine hungwaru, kunyanya munzvimbo dzekugadzira; kana ukaona matambudziko mumaapplications aripo panguva chaiyo, gwara riri pa [nyaya iyi] rinogona kukubatsira. Misangano yemavhidhiyo inononoka kana kuti inokanganiswa.
zita remutambi uye getmac: kuziva komputa iri panetwork
Kuraira hostname anodzosera zita rechikwata pane networkZvingaita sezvisina basa, asi zvinoshanda zvikuru kana uchida kubatana nehost nezita kwete neIP, kana kuti nekukurumidza utarise kuti uri kushanda papi kana uchikwanisa kushandisa akawanda.
Kune rumwe rutivi, getmac inoratidza Kero dzeMAC (dzakajairika) dzemaadapta ese yesystem, ingave yakabatana kana kwete. Kero yeMAC ichiratidzo chakasiyana (48 bits) chinotsanangurwa nemugadziri uye chiyero cheIEEE 802, uye chinoshandiswa, semuenzaniso, kusefa mukana wekupinda parouter kana pakutarisira zvinhu, kana kunyangwe kune vhara zvinofungidzirwa kubatana kubva kuCMD.
getmac inogamuchira ma parameter akadai se /fo kusarudza fomati yekubuda (tafura, runyorwa, CSV) kana /nh kuviga misoro yemakoramu, izvo zvinobatsira zvikuru kana uchida kugadzirisa mhedzisiro yacho muma script kana kuitumira kune imwe system.
arp: ndiani ari pa network yako yemuno chaizvo
Kuraira rudimbwa inoshanda ne Tafura yeARP inobatanidza ma IP nekero dzeMAC pa network yako yemuno. Na arp-a Unogona kuona kuti ndeapi maturusi achangobva kutaurirana nekombuta yako, kusanganisira router, makombiyuta ari pedyo, uye kero dzekuparadzira.
Kana ukatanga waita ping sweep pamusoro penzvimbo yese (semuenzaniso ye /l %i mu (1,1,254) do ping -w 50 -n 1 192.168.1.%i) uye wobva waita arp-aUchava nemufananidzo wakakwana we Ndeipi kero yeIP iri kushandiswa neMAC yega yega? mu subnet yako, inobatsira pakuona vanopinda kana kugadzirisa kusawirirana.
Kuongorora nzira uye mashandiro: tracert uye pathping
Kana uchiziva kuti pane chakaipa "pane imwe nzvimbo" mu network asi kwete kuti kupi, mirairo inoratidza nzira inoteverwa nemapakeji uye kuti kusvetuka kwakasiyana kunoita sei, uye munzvimbo dzine ma adapter akawanda zvinobatsirawo kunzwisisa pfungwa dzakadai se Kubatana kweNIC uye marongerwo ayo.
tracert: kutevera kusvetuka kwega kwega kuenda kunzvimbo yaunoda kuenda
Kuraira tracer (traceroute mune mamwe masisitimu) inotumira zvikumbiro zveICMP ne kuwedzera kukosha kweTTL (Time To Live) kuti uwane kuti ipuratifomu ipi inofambiswa nepaketi kuti isvike kwairi kuenda. Kusvetuka kwega kwega kunopindura nemeseji ye timeout kusvika pakupedzisira host yekupedzisira yatumira echo back.
Zvinobuda mu tracert zvinoratidza, mutsetse nemutsetse, nhamba ye "hop", mhinduro nhatu mu "ms", uye kero ye IP kana zita re "hop".Chinhu chekutanga chinowanzova router yako, uye kubva ipapo panobuda ma node akasiyana emushandi wako, vatakuri vepakati uye mupi wehosting weserver yaunobatanidza nayo.
Kana panguva yakatarwa nguva dzikawedzera, nyeredzi dzikaungana, kana pasina mhinduro, unogona kuwana apo kutaurirana kunokundikana kana kuti pane dambudzikoChinhu chinobatsira ndechekushandisa nzvimbo yekuenda kutracert /d kudzivirira kugadzirisa IP kubva pazita kuenda padanho rekupedzisira, zvichiita kuti murairo ukurumidze zvikuru.
Mashandiro anoita tracert neTTL
Kuti tinzwisise kuti sei tracert ine simba rakadaro, zvinobatsira kuti tiongorore muchidimbu mashandiro ayo emukati: paketi yega yega inobuda ne TTL yekutanga inoderedzwa ne1 pa router yega yega kuti inopfuura nepakati. Kana TTL yasvika pa0, router inorasa paketi yacho yotumira meseji yeICMP yadarika nguva yainofanira kunge yashandiswa kunobva, ichipa ruzivo rwekuti iri kupi.
tracert inotanga nekutumira paketi ine TTL 1Router yekutanga inoderedza TTL kusvika pa0, yoirasa, yopindura. Zvadaro inotumira imwe meseji ine TTL ye2, iyo inopfuura nerouter yekutanga, yosvika kune yechipiri, apo TTL inopera uye meseji yodzoserwa, zvichingodaro kusvika kwainoenda yapindura ne echo inobudirira kana meseji yagamuchirwa. Huwandu hwepamusoro hwekusvetuka (30 zvichibva pane zvakajairika, zvinogadziriswa ne /h)Neruzivo rwese irworwo, nzira yacho inogadzirwazve.
Kufamba: Kuongorora kwakadzama kwekurasikirwa uye kunonoka
Kunyange zvazvo tracert ichinyanya kutarisa panzira, nzira Inosanganisa ping uye traceroute logic kuti ipe Nhamba dzekurasikirwa kwepaketi uye RTT pakufamba kwega kwegaInotumira maping akawanda kune imwe neimwe node iri munzira kwenguva yakati (zvichida masekondi makumi manomwe nemashanu) uye yobva yaverenga huwandu hwekurasikirwa kubva panobva uye pane yega yega link.
Kana uchimhanya nzira yekutumira domain_or_IP Kutanga uchaona runyorwa rwekusvetuka kwakafanana zvikuru nekwakanyorwa mu tracert, uye mushure mechinguva tafura ine makoramu e RTT, mapaketi akarasika/akatumirwa, uye chikamu chekurasikirwa pakufamba kwega kwegaChikamu ichocho chakakosha pakutsvaga ma routers kana ma subnet ane matambudziko.
Mazano ekushandisa nzira yekufambisa:
- Shandisa zvishoma Pama network anonzwa: inogadzira traffic yakawanda yeICMP.
- Ramba uchifunga kuti inobatwa nekesi mune mamwe ma parameter.
- Rangarira kuti zvinoshanda chete kana TCP/IP protocol mu adapta.
Kugadziriswa kwezita uye DNS: nslookup uye flushdns
Matambudziko mazhinji ekubatanidza haasi enetwork, asi ... DNS zita rekugadzirisaDomain iri kunongedzera kune imwe sevha, kune zvinyorwa zvekare zvakachengetwa, kana kuti DNS yemupi wedata iri kutadza kushanda. CMD inopa maturusi akati wandei ekuongorora.
nslookup: X-ray yezvivakwa zveDNS
Kuraira nlookup Inoshandiswa kubvunza maseva eDNS uye kuona Ndeipi kero ye IP yakabatana ne domain, kana kuti zita ripi riri shure kwekero ye IP?Ichi chishandiso chakakosha chekutarisa kana DNS iri kudzorera zvainofanira kuita.
Inogona kushandiswa mu non-interactive mode, semuenzaniso nslookup openwebinars.net 8.8.8.8 kubvunza Google's DNS yedomeni chaiyo, kana mu interactive mode, nekungonyora nlookup uye wobva watanga mibvunzo yakasiyana kubva pa nslookup prompt pachayo.
Kuwedzera kune zvinyorwa zveA (IPv4) kana AAAA (IPv6), nslookup inokutendera kuti uone Zvinyorwa zveMX, NS, CNAMEnezvimwewo, izvo zvinobatsira zvikuru kune gadziriso dzeDNS dzakaoma dzekuongorora kana kutarisa kana shanduko dzacho dzapararira.
ipconfig /flushdns: kubvisa DNS cache yesystem
Windows inochengetedza cache yeDNS yekugadzirisa yemunharaunda Kukurumidzisa kubatana. Kana domain ikachinja IP kana paine ma redirects asina kururama, cache iyi inogona kushanda pakukurwisa. Ndipo panopinda [nzira/nzira] yekare. ipconfig / flushdns, iyo inobvisa zvinyorwa zvese zvemuno.
Mushure mekuzviita, timu ichamanikidzwa bvunza zvakare DNS server padomeni rega rega, izvo zvinowanzo gadzirisa mukana we "kusetsa" kune mamwe mawebhusaiti kana zviwanikwa zvemukati zvakachinja maseva.
Kutarisa uye nhamba: netstat, nbtstat, uye systeminfo
Kana uchida kuona zviri kuitika panguva chaiyo pane network yako, inguva yekushandisa mirairo inoratidza kubatana, ma open ports, uye nhamba dzeprotocol.
netstat: kubatana kuri kushanda uye machiteshi ekuteerera
Kuraira netstat Ibanga rechokwadi reSwiss Army ongorora traffic yenetiweki yemunharaundaPakati pezvimwe zvinhu, inokutendera kuti uone kubatana kweTCP kuri kushanda, maports ari kuitirwa kuteerera, protocol statistics (TCP, UDP, IP, ICMP), IP routing table, uye interface data.
Misanganiswa inobatsira:
- netstat -an: inonyora zvese zvinobatanidzwa uye maports mufomati yenhamba, pamwe nemamiriro azvo.
- netstat -o 5: inoratidza mashandiro eTCP uye maPID emaitiro, zvichivandudza masekondi mashanu ega ega.
- netstat -e -s: inopa nhamba dzeEthernet nemaprotocol ese.
- netstat -s -p tcp udp: inosefa nhamba dzeTCP neUDP chete.
Ne netstat zviri nyore kuona kubatana kunofungidzirwa, masevhisi ekuteerera pamachiteshi asina kujairika kana mapurogiramu ari kuchengetedza nguva yaasingafaniri kuva, izvo zvinobatsira zvikuru pamabasa ekuchengetedza.
nbtstat: Tarisa paNetBIOS pane TCP/IP
Kuraira nbtstat inotarisa pa NetBIOS pamusoro peTCP/IP (NetBT) uye inokutendera kuti uone matafura emazita eNetBIOS emunharaunda, ari kure uye akachengetwa, pamwe chete nenhamba dzezviitiko.
Shandisa kesi:
- nbtstat /n: inoratidza tafura yemazita yeNetBIOS yemuchina wemuno.
- nbtstat /c: inoratidza cache yezita reNetBIOS.
- nbtstat /S 5Nhamba dzeNetBIOS session zvichienderana neIP, dzinogadziriswa masekondi mashanu ega ega.
- nbtstat /R y /RRVanobvisa cache yacho vozonyoresazve mazita neWINS server.
Inowanikwa chete kana TCP/IP protocol yakaiswa mu adapter properties, asi kana uchishanda nenzvimbo dzekare kana classic Windows installations, inoramba iripo. inobatsira zvikuru pakugadzirisa kusawirirana kwemazita.
systeminfo: ongororo yakazara yesystem
Kunyangwe isiri murairo wenetwork chete, systeminfo inopa Pfupiso yehardware, software uye magadzirirwo yemidziyo, kusanganisira ruzivo rwenetwork rwakadai sedomain, card configuration, updates, BIOS, memory, processors, nezvimwewo.
Iro murairo unokosheswa zvikuru nenyanzvi nevatungamiriri nekuti unobvumira kopi ruzivo rwese irworwo kufaira uye ongorora zvinyoro nyoro, kana kuibatanidza netikiti rekutsigira kuitira kuti timu yehunyanzvi ive nemamiriro akazara pasina kubatana nekombuta.
Kugadziriswa kwepamusoro uye otomatiki ne netsh
Kana paine murairo mumwe chete unonyanya kuoneka patinotaura nezve advanced network management muWindows, ndeuyu. netsh (Network Shell)Icho chishandiso chemurairo chinobvumira tarisa uye gadzirisa chero parameter yenetwork munharaunda kana kure: ma interfaces, IP, DNS, firewall, WiFi, maseva, nezvimwewo.
netsh inoshanda nekuti mamiriro ezvinhu (int, wlan, firewall, interface ip, nezvimwewo), imwe neimwe ine mirairo yayo midiki. Izvi zvinoita kuti ishande zvakasiyana-siyana, asi zvinoda kuti uzvijairire nemaumbirwo ayo. Unogona kuishandisa uchishandisa nzira dzakasiyana (nekuisa mamiriro ezvinhu uye kupa mirairo) kana usingashandise nzira dzakasiyana, nekushandisa mirairo yakananga kana .txt scripts dzine nzira refu.
Mienzaniso inoshanda ye netsh
Kushandiswa kwakajairika ndiko Dzorerazve TCP/IP stack Kana paine matambudziko ekubatanidza akaoma kutsanangura (zvikanganiso zveprotocol, maitiro asina kujairika neDHCP, nezvimwewo), murairo wekutanga ndewekuti:
Raira: netsh int ip reset
Kana uchidawo kuchengeta rekodhi nezvekuchinja:
netsh int ip reset C:\tcpipreset.txt
Mushure mekuzviita, zvinodikanwa Tangazve komputa yako kuitira kuti kugadzirisa bhatiri kushande zvizere.
Imwe application inonakidza zvikuru ndeyekutarisira network dzeWiFi. Semuenzaniso, ye Ona zvese zviri muprofile isina waya, kusanganisira password zvakachengetwa musystem:
Maonero eProfile: netsh wlan show profile name="NombreDeLaRed" key=clear
Pamusoro pezvo, netsh inobvumira kugadziriswa Yekutanga uye yechipiri DNS kubva pane interface, kutumira/kupinza magadzirirwo, kugadzirisa mitemo yefirewall, uye kutogadzirira manyorerwo akaomarara anoshanda nekudzvanya kamwe chete kuti gadzirisa michina otomatiki musangano.
Kutarisira kure, kugovera, uye masevhisi: kushandiswa kwewebhu, winrm, ssh, ftp, nezvimwe
Kunze kwekuongororwa, CMD inobvumirawo chirwere ichi. gadzirisa zviwanikwa zviri kure nemidziyo pasina chikonzero chekubatanidza uchishandisa graphical desktop. Izvi zvakakosha pakutarisira maseva kana makomputa asina graphical interface.
kushandiswa kweneti uye maonero eneti: zviwanikwa zve network zvakagovaniswa
Kuraira net use inoshandiswa batanidza, bvisa uye gadzirisa madhiraivha uye zviwanikwa zvakagovaniswa (maforodha, maprinta) pane mamwe makomputa. Semuenzaniso, kurongedza forodha yakagovaniswa paseva kune bhii rekutanga riripo redhiraivha:
Mepu yeyuniti: net use * "\\SERVIDOR\mi_unidad" /persistent:no
Aya ndiwo mashandisiro aunoita forodha chikwata_changu kubva pakombuta iri kure uye kudzivirira kuti isadzokororwe otomatiki kana uchipinda kana usingade kuti ive. Kuti uongorore zvaunogovana kubva pakombuta yako, unogona kushandisa net share (runyorwa rwezviwanikwa zvinogovaniswa munharaunda) kana net view kuti uone zvinopihwa nerimwe timu pa network:
Ona zviwanikwa: net view 192.168.1.50
Mirairo iyi inobatsira zvikuru mu kuchengetedzwa kwekutarisirwa, kutsvaga zvinhu zviri pachena zvisingafanirwe kuonekwa, uye kuongorora kana kutamiswa kwemafaira kuchinonoka.
WinRM: Kutungamirirwa kure kuburikidza neWS-Management
WinRM (Windows Remote Management) ndiko kushandiswa kweprotocol yeWS-Management neMicrosoft uye kunodzorwa kubva kuCMD nemurairo. winrm. Inobvumira Gadzirisa mukana wekusvika kure, tora ruzivo rweWMI, gadzirisa ma parameter uye gadzirisa masevhisi pasina kuvhura zvikamu zvedesktop.
Mirairo yeWinRM Yakajairika:
winrm get winrm/config -format:pretty: inoratidza magadzirirwo aripo muXML inoverengwa.winrm get wmicimv2/Win32_Service?Name=spooler: inotora ruzivo kubva kuprint queue service.winrm set winrm/config @{MaxEnvelopeSizekb="100"}: inogadzirisa parameter yekugadzirisa.winrm set winrm/config/Listener?Address=*+Transport=HTTPS @{Enabled="false"}: inodzima muteereri weHTTPS.
Yakagadzirwa zvakanaka, WinRM inokutendera kuti ugone tarisira michina yakawanda pakati penyika nemanyorerwo, chimwe chinhu chiri nyore munharaunda dzebasa.
SSH neSCP: mukana wakachengeteka uye makopi akavharidzirwa
Kubva paWindows 10, mutengi SSH Inouya yakabatanidzwa musystem. Nayo unogona Pinda uchishandisa console kumaseva ari kure uye tevedzera mirairo sekunge wakamira pamberi payo, zvese kuburikidza nechiteshi chakavharidzirwa.
Mashandisirwo akajairika:
ssh usuario@servidor_o_IPssh -l usuario servidor_o_IP
Muenzaniso wekuchengetedza kwakachengeteka: scp ubuntu@mi_servidor.com:/etc/servicio/definitions.json /c/Users/TuUsuario/Downloads/new-definitions.jsonkana dzimwe nzira dzakadai se SMB pamusoro peQUIC kuti kugovana mafaira kwakachengeteka.
Mhando idzi dzemirairo dzakakosha pakushanda ne MaVPN, maseva eLinux, kana zvivakwa zvegore uye unofanira kufambisa mafaira zvakachengeteka.
FTP uye wget: kutamiswa kwefaira pasina graphical interface
Kuraira ftp inokutendera kuti ubatanidze kune maseva eFTP uye rodha kana kudhawunirodha mafaira uchishandisa nzira dzakasiyana kana kuti nemabatchMushure mekuita ftp servidor Unopinda mu sub-environment ine mirairo yayo (get, put, ls, cd, nezvimwewo) uye, kana uchida kuita mabasa otomatiki, unogona kushandisa sevha ye ftp -s:file.txt kuitira kuti iite zviito zvakatsanangurwa mufaira iroro.
Kune rumwe rutivi, wget (kana ukaiisa paWindows) chishandiso chinochinjika zvikuru chekushandisa Dhawunirodha mafaira kubva kuHTTP/HTTPSnesarudzo dzekutumidza zita idzva, kutangazve kudhawunirodha, kuchengetedza kumadhairekitori chaiwo, kana kutodhawunirodha uchidzokorora nekutevera ma HTML link. Kana uchida gwara rekushandisa zvakachengeteka paseva, ona Kugadzirisa FTP paWindows: Server, Permissions, uye Basic Security.
Kudzora maitiro, kudzima kure, uye mimwe mirairo inobatsira
Kutarisira network dzimwe nguva kunosanganisirawo kuuraya maitiro ane matambudzikoUnogona kutangazve masevhisi kana kutodzima/kutangidzazve makombiyuta ari kure nenzira yakarongeka. CMD inopa zvinhu zvakawanda zvinobatsira pakuita izvi.
taskkill: kugumisa maitiro emunharaunda uye ari kure
Con taskkill unogona gumisa maitiro nezita, PID, mushandisi, kana kunyangwe pamakombiyuta ari kureMuenzaniso wepamusoro:
Kushandiswa kwepamusoro: taskkill /s remote_host /u dominio\usuario /p contraseña /fi "IMAGENAME eq nota*" /im *
Murairo uyu unomanikidza kuvharwa kwemaitiro ese ari pakombuta iri kure. kure_host ane zita remufananidzo rinotanga ne "note", achishandisa zvitupa zvakananga. Zvinobatsira zvikuru kana application inorembera paserver izvo zvausingakwanise kuwana zviri nyore pamifananidzo.
kuvharwa: kuvharwa kwenzvimbo kana kure uye kutangazve
Kuraira shutdown inobvumira kudzima kana kutangazve michina Yemunharaunda uye iri kure ine ma parameter akasiyana: kumanikidza kuvharwa kweapplication, kunonoka kudzima, sanganisira comment, kunyora chikonzero, nezvimwewo.
Mienzaniso yakajairika:
shutdown /s /t 0: Dzima michina yemuno nekukasika.shutdown /r /t 60 /c "Reconfiguración miapp.exe" /f /d p:4:1: Inotangidzazve komputa yemuno mumasekonzi makumi matanhatu, zvichimanikidza maapplication kuti avharwe.shutdown /r /m \\mi_servidor_remoto /t 60 /c "Reinicio programado" /f /d p:4:1: Inotangisazve komputa iri kure ine maparameter akafanana.
Pamwe chete nemagwaro nemabasa akarongwa, shutdown inova chishandiso chine simba zvikuru che gadzirisa mahwindo ekugadzirisa pasina kufanira kuenda muchina nemuchina.
telnet: nzira yekupinda iri kure (ine chiziviso)
Telnet Inzira yekushandiswa kwemutemo wekare we vhura zvikamu zviri kure muchinyorwa chisina kujekaMuWindows unogona kushandisa murairo telnet Kuti ubatanidzwe kumasevhisi achiri kuitsigira, chero bedzi iwe uchitanga waisa Telnet client mune zvimwe zvinhu zvesystem.
Kuedzwa kwekubatana kweTelnet: telnet telnet.microsoft.com
kana nekutsanangura chiteshi nefaira relog:
Telnet ine log: telnet /f telnetlog.txt telnet.microsoft.com 44
Nhasi, nekuda kwezvikonzero SeguridadZvinokurudzirwa zvikuru kushandisa SSH, asi telnet ichiri kubatsira kune edza masevhisi pamachiteshi chaiwo kana kushanda nemidziyo yekare.
Mirairo yakajairika inobatsira kuchengetedza hurongwa hwakanaka
Kunyangwe zvisiri mirairo yenetwork chete, kune mamwe maCMD utilities anokanganisa zvisina kunanga mashandiro akanaka ekubatanidza uye sisitimu yese.
chkdsk: kutarisa dhisiki kudzivirira kushamisika
Kuraira chkdsk (Tarisa Disk) inoskena dhiraivha ye zvikanganiso zvemafaira uye zvikamu zvakaipaKana paine matambudziko ekuverenga/kunyora, network inogona kukanganiswa kana uchishanda nemaprofiles ekufamba-famba, zviwanikwa zvakagovaniswa, kana madhatabhesi emunharaunda.
Iyo yekutanga syntax ndeye chkdskC:Asi kazhinji waizoshandisa modifiers dzakadai se:
- /f kugadzirisa zvikanganiso otomatiki.
- /r kuwana zvikamu zvakakanganisika uye kuwana ruzivo.
- /x kupatsanura mudziyo usati waedza.
Kuronga chkdsk panguva yekugadzirisa kunogona kukubatsira dzivisa kukundikana kwakakomba izvo zvinokanganisawo network.
sfc /scannow: kusimbisa mafaira esystem
Kuraira sfc / scannow mhanyisa iyo System File CheckerSFC inoongorora mafaira ese eWindows akachengetedzwa uye inogadzirisa chero akakuvara kana asipo. Matambudziko mazhinji enetwork anobva mumaraibhurari akakanganisika kana zvikamu zvesystem zvakakanganiswa, uye SFC idanho rekutanga rakanaka usati watora matanho akasimba.
Mhanyai muchina wekutarisa: sfc /scannow
Maitiro acho anotora nguva, asi kana akaona uye akagadzirisa zvikanganiso, unogona kukunda kugadzikana kwese, kusanganisira chikamu chenetwork.
Kugona seti iyi yemirairo yeCMD yekugadzirisa network muWindows — kubva pane zvakapusa senge ipconfig y pingkunyangwe vanhu vanorema vakaita se neth, netstat, tracer o nzirakusanganisira maturusi ekutarisira ari kure akadai se net use, winrm, ssh o shutdown— Inokupa mwero wekutonga usingapiwi ne graphical interface: unogona kuongorora nemazvo, kugadzirisa ma parameter, kuita kuti mabasa ako ashande otomatiki, uye kuchengetedza network yako — kumba kana kukambani — iri mumamiriro ezvinhu anofungidzirwa uye akachengeteka, usingavimbi nevaroyi kana mahwindo anovanza zviri kuitika pasi payo. Goverana ruzivo uye vamwe vashandisi vachadzidza nezvemirairo yeCMD network.