Kushandisa laptop itsva ine Windows 11 uye kusabata thermal configuration Zvakafanana nekutenga mota itsva usingagadzirise chigaro: Zvichashanda, asi uri kurasikirwa nechikamu chikuru chekunyaradzwa uye kushanda zvakanaka.Munyika umo mabasa ari kure, zvidzidzo zvepaindaneti, uye mitambo zvakajairika, kugadzirisa michina yako zvakanaka kunoita mutsauko pakati pelaptop ine ruzha inopisa zvakanyanya seovheni neinopisa, yakanyarara, uye inogara ichishanda zvakanaka.
Mugwaro iri muchadzidza, nhanho nenhanho, kuti sei Gadzira mapurofayiri ekupisa akagadzirwa nemalaptops neWindows 11 Nekubatanidza maturusi esystem yacho, zvishandiso zvemugadziri (zvakaita seHP Command Center kana OMEN Gaming Hub), uye software yechitatu-bato kuti iongorore tembiricha uye mashandisirwo esimba, tichabatanidza zvese izvi muWindows 11 configuration yakakwana—simba, kuchengetedzeka, mashandiro, kugadzirisa, uye kugadzirisa—kuitira kuti laptop yako ishande zvakanaka kubva pazuva rekutanga.
Chii chinonzi kutonga kupisa uye nei kuchikosha mulaptop?
Kupisa, chaizvoizvo, ndiko, muvengi mukuru wechero mudziyo wemagetsiCPU imwe neimwe neGPU zvakagadzirirwa kushanda mukati mechikamu chekupisa chakati; kana chikamu ichi chikadarika kakawanda, nzira dzekudzivirira dzakadai sedzinotevera dzinoshanda: kupisa kupisa, izvo zvinoderedza frequency ye processor kudzivirira kukuvara… zvichikonzera kudzikira kwekushanda.
Mukombiyuta yedesktop mune nzvimbo yakakura nekuti chassis inowanzova yakakura, ine mafeni akawanda uye mhepo inoyerera zvakanaka, asi mulaptop nzvimbo yacho hainyanyi kukosha uye Kukundikana kwese kwekutonhodza kunoonekwa pakarepo.Chikwama chinotanga kupisa, mafeni anomhanya nekumhanya kwakazara, mitambo inogunun'una, kana kutodzima kamwe kamwe kana zvinhu zvikasafamba zvakanaka.
Ndosaka uchida zvinopfuura kungoisa plug and play chete: tarisa tembiricha munguva chaiyo, gadzirisa kuti mafeni anovhura sei uye riini, sarudza kana uchikoshesa kunyarara kana simba, uye ita shuwa kuti Windows 11 yakagadzirirwa kutsigira zvinangwa izvozvo kwete kuita "zvayo".
Kana ukashandisawo laptop yako pamabasa akaoma (kugadzirisa mavhidhiyo, dhizaini ye3D, mitambo, michina chaiyo), izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kwauri. tsanangura ma profiles akati wandei ekupisa akagadzirwa kuti unogona kuchinja mumasekonzi zvichienderana nekuti uchashanda here, kubhurawuza, kana kutamba.
Mapurofayiri ekupisa akagadzirwa nemaoko: kuti ndeapi uye kuti anoenderana sei neWindows 11
Hunhu hwekupisa hahusi chinhu chinopfuura Musanganiswa wezvigadziriso zvinosarudza mashandiro anoita laptop yako maererano netembiricha, ruzha, uye mashandiro ayoZvinowanzo kanganisa:
- Miganhu yesimba CPU neGPU (simba rakawanda sei ravanogona kushandisa).
- Kukombama kwefeni (feni yega yega inomhanyisa tembiricha yakadii uye kuti yakawanda sei).
- Chirongwa chemagetsi cheWindows (yakaringana, kushanda kwepamusoro, kuchengetedza mari, nezvimwewo).
- Murairo wekutonhodza sisitimu (kutonhodza kunoshanda kana kusingapindi).
- Dzimwe nguva, maitiro e GPU yakabatanidzwa/yakatsaurirwa uye bhatiri.
Vagadziri vazhinji, vakaita seHP, vanoisa maturusi chaiwo mumalaptop avo. HP Command Center o OMEN Gaming Hub kwaunogona kusarudza pakati penzira dzakadai seSilent, Balanced, Performance, kana Gaming. Nzira yega yega, chaizvoizvo, chimiro chekupisa chakatsanangurwa kare iyo inodzora simba nemafeni.
Chinhu chakanaka cheWindows 11 ndechekuti unogona kuwedzera mamodhi iwayo ne zvirongwa zvesimba zvakagadzirwaMagadzirirwo e processor epamusoro uye kunyange kusashandisa simba rakawanda (pamasystem anoenderana). Nekubatanidza ma layers ese ari maviri (mugadziri + Windows), unogona kuwana ma profiles akagadziriswa zvakanyanya, semuenzaniso:
- "Hofisi yakanyarara": mafeni ari pasi, CPU ine muganho, passive mode uye bhatiri rakanyanya kukoshesa.
- "Plugged-in Performance" profile: Uncapped CPU neGPU, mafeni ane hasha, kushingaira kutonhora, yakakwana pakugadzira kana kutamba mitambo.
- "Inotakurika hybrid": chimwe chinhu chiri pakati pekushanda nefoni kana kudzidza.
Usati wagadzira maprofiles iwayo nenzira yakakomba, unoda mbiru mbiri: kuyera tembiricha uye kushandiswa kwayo munguva chaiyo uye iva nechokwadi chekuti Windows inoratidza zvese zviripo zvemagetsi uye zvekutonhodza.
Maitiro ekuyera tembiricha yeCPU neGPU muWindows 11
Windows 11, yega, haina kukwana zvakanyanya munzvimbo iyi: muTask Manager unogona kuona Kushandiswa kweCPU neGPU uye tembiricha yemakadhi emifananidzoAsi kwete tembiricha yeCPU, iyo inonyanya kukosha. Kuti ushande zvinobudirira nemaprofiles ekupisa, unofanirwa kushandisa software yekunze.
Musanganiswa wakajairika, kunyanya pakati pevatambi vepamusoro nevashandisi, ndewe MSI Afterburner pamwe chete neRivaTuner Statistics ServerChinhu chakanaka nezvemushonga uyu ndechekuti haungoratidzi tembiricha chete, asiwo Unogona kuvafukidza panguva chaiyo pane chero mutambo kana application.pasina kuramba uchichinja mahwindo mazuva ese.
Kuyerera kwakajairika ndeku:
- Dhawunirodha uye isa MSI Afterburner kubva pawebhusaiti yayo yepamutemo, kusanganisira chikamu cheRivaTuner Statistics Server panguva yekuita.
- Vhura Afterburner: uchaona ipapo ipapo data rekutanga senge tembiricha yeGPU, frequency, voltage, nezvimwewo, uye zvichienderana nekombuta, pamwe neruzivo rweCPU.
- Enda kuZvirongwa > tab Kuongorora uye sarudza kuti ndeapi mavalue aunoda kuona (CPU tembiricha, GPU, kushandiswa, kuziva FPS...).
- Pa parameter yega yega, sarudza bhokisi rekutarisa "Ratidza ruzivo pachiratidziro"ndizvo zvinoita kuti RivaTuner ishande.
Kana uchidawo kuva nedata pakombiyuta usingade mutambo wakavhurika, unogona kusarudza sarudzo dzakadai se "Ratidza mutireyi yesystem"kuitira kuti ugare uchiona tembiricha huru dziri pedyo newachi yeWindows.
Nguva inotevera paunovhura mutambo we3D kana application, uchaona mukona yechidzitiro (kazhinji kumusoro kuruboshwe) tembiricha yako yenguva chaiyoNdiyo nzira yakavimbika yekuziva kana thermal profile yawatsanangura iri kushanda zvechokwadi: kana kuchinja mamodhi kukadzikisa tembiricha kana kuti feni ikarega kushanda nekumhanya kwakazara, uri munzira chaiyo.
Kugonesa uye kushandisa "System Cooling Policy" muWindows 11
Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvekugadzirisa maitiro ekupisa muWindows 11 chakavanzika zvishoma: chinonzi "Mutemo weKutonhodza Sisitimu" uye inodzora kana sisitimu inotanga yaedza kuwedzera kumhanya kwefeni (active cooling) kana kuderedza frequency yeCPU (passive cooling) kana tembiricha yawedzera.
Pamakombiyuta akawanda ane Windows 11, sarudzo iyi inoonekwa zvakananga mukati Panera Yekudzora > Sarudzo dzeMagetsi > Chinja marongero ehurongwa > Chinja marongero emagetsi epamusoro, mukati meboka rekuti “Processor Power Management”. Ipapo ndipo paunofanira kuona chikamu "Mutemo weKutonhodza Sisitimu" ine zvinhu zviviri zvinogoneka:
- ActivaSisitimu iyi inopindura kupisa nekuwedzera kumhanya kwefeni isati yacheka mashandiro ayo.
- Passive: inonyanya kukosha kuderedza mafrequency eCPU kuti igadzire kupisa kushoma, zvichiita kuti mafeni arambe akanyarara.
Kana usingaone sarudzo iyi, ingangove yakavanzwa. Microsoft inokutendera kuti uibudise nemurairo uri nyore, chero bedzi uchiimhanyisa. semutungamiri:
- Nyora CMD muWindows injini yekutsvaga.
- Dzvanya kurudyi pa "Command Prompt" wobva wasarudza "Ita semutungamiri".
- Namira uye shandisa murairo uyu:
powercfg -attributes SUB_PROCESSOR 94D3A615-A899-4AC5-AE2B-E4D8F634367F -ATTRIB_HIDE
Mushure meizvozvo, vhurazve Advanced simba sarudzo Uye tarisa chikamu che processor: mutemo wekutonhodza unofanirwa kuoneka kune ese ari maviri "Battery" uye "AC." Unogona kutsanangura, semuenzaniso, kungoita zvinhu zvisina basa kana uri pabhatiri kuwedzera hupenyu hwebhatiri uye kuderedza ruzha, uye inoshanda kana wabatanidzwa kuchengetedza kushanda kwepamusoro pasina kutya.
Kuti kugadzirisa uku kushande zvechokwadi, zvakanaka kuva nesystem yako nemadhiraivha ari patsva: Enda kuZvirongwa > Kugadziridza WindowsIsa zvese zvakagadziridzwa, wobva wadhawunirodha madhiraivha eWindows 11 achangoburwa (kana madhiraivha eWindows 10 achangoburwa kana pasina vhezheni chaiyo) kubva pawebhusaiti yemugadziri welaptop yako.
Gadzira uye sanganisa zvirongwa zvesimba nemaprofayiri ekupisa
Murayiridzo wekutonhodza ingori chikamu chimwe chete chepuzzle. Kuti ugadzire ma profiles akazara ekupisa, unofanirawo kutamba ne... Zvirongwa zvemagetsi zveWindows 11 uye miganhu yepasi uye yepamusoro yekushanda kwe processor.
Kubva paControl Panel yekare, unogona kuramba uchishandisa zvirongwa zvemagetsi zve "Balanced," "Energy Saver," kana "High Performance". Pamusoro pezvo, muSettings > System > Power & battery, Windows 11 inopa chinotsvedza kana menyu yaunogona kusarudza. Maitiro akadai sekuti "Kushanda nesimba kuri nani", "Kuenzana" kana "Kushanda zviri nani", sekureva kwemugadziri.
Pfungwa yacho ndeyekugadzira imwe kana kupfuura zvirongwa zvako wobva wagadzirisa:
- Muchikamu che "Processor Power Management", deredza chikamu che mamiriro mashoma e processor kuchengetedza bhatiri nekupisa mumaprofayiri akanyarara.
- Gadzirisa iyo mamiriro epamusoro e processor kusvika ku99% kana uchida kudzivirira kuti turbo mode ishande zvine simba, izvo zvinoderedza kukwira kwekupisa.
- Kubatanidza marongero aya ne murairo wekutonhodza unoshanda/usingashande zvawakagadzirisa kare.
With izvi Unogona kuzvigadzira iwe pachako, semuenzaniso:
- Chirongwa che "Battery Silence": CPU iri pakati pe5% ne60%, kutonhora kusingapindiki, skrini isina kujeka zvishoma, uye nzira yekurara yakashata.
- Chirongwa che "plug-in": CPU 5%-100%, kutonhora kuri kushanda, 100% skrini, uye nzira yekurara yakasununguka.
- Chirongwa che "Power Maximum": CPU inogara iri 100%, inotonhodza, haina miganhu yekushanda, yakagadzirirwa zvikamu zvipfupi asi zvine simba.
Zvirongwa izvi zvinogona kusanganiswa nemaprofile emugadziri (HP Command Center, OMEN Gaming Hub, nezvimwewo). Kana uchigadzirisa yako, ipfungwa yakanaka. Edza shanduko yega yega uchitarisa tembiricha uye mashandisirwo ayo uchishandisa MSI Afterburner kuti vaone kana hurongwa hutsva uhwu huri kubatsira zvechokwadi.
Software yemugadziri: HP Command Center, OMEN Gaming Hub nezvimwe zvishandiso zvine chekuita nazvo
Kana komputa yako ichibva kune zita rekambani (HP, Dell, Lenovo, Asus, nezvimwewo), inowanzo sanganisira application yekutarisira pakati apo, pakati pemamwe mabasa, unogona kudzora nzira dzekupisa uye dzekushanda.
inobvumira HP Command Center, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu:
HP Command Center inobvumira, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu:
- Chinja pakati pemaprofayiri ekutonhodza anoenzanisa mashandiro uye ruzha otomatiki.
- Shandisa mamodhi enetwork akadai se Chinosimudzira Network kuti vanhu vatarise zviri nani pane mamwe maapplication (zvakanakira kana uchitamba mitambo kana kufona mavhidhiyo paunenge uchidhawunirodha).
- Wongorora iyo hutano hwebhatiri uye kugadzirisa maitiro ayo kuti iwedzere hupenyu hwayo, chimwe chinhu chinopesvedzerwawo nekupisa.
- Ita bvunzo dzemidziyo yemagetsi kuti uone kana mafeni, masensa ekupisa, nezvimwe zvikamu zviri kushanda nemazvo. zvinoshanda nemazvo.
Kana iri laptops dzemitambo yeHP, nzvimbo yetsinga inowanzo kuve OMEN Gaming Hub. Kubva ipapo unogona:
- Ona dashboard inoshanda panguva chaiyo ine tembiricha, mutoro weCPU/GPU uye FPS.
- Sarudza mapurofayiri akaita sekuti “Comfort”, “Performance” kana kuti “Turbo”, rimwe nerimwe riine fan curve yaro.
- Shandisa, mune mamwe mamodheru, overclocking kana overboost yakachengeteka kune kadhi remifananidzo mukati memiganhu yemidziyo.
Zvakanaka, unofanira kutsanangura mashandisirwo akajairika emodhi yega yega, semuenzaniso: Kunyarara pakudzidza, Kuenzana pakushanda nemaapplication akawanda, uye Kushanda/Turbo yemitamboUye, semazuva ese, tarisa neAfterburner kuti uone kuti tembiricha dziri mukati mehuwandu hwakanaka: kana ukaona kuti muTurbo mode CPU inopedza nguva yakareba iri pamuganho (90ºC kana kupfuura) uye ichidzora simba, unofanirwa kugadzirisa miganhu yesimba kana kuwedzera mhepo inofefetera.
Kuwedzera kune idzi nzvimbo dzekudzora, malaptop mazhinji eHP anosanganisira HP Rutsigiro Mubatsiriiyo inoisa pakati pekugadzirisa madhiraivha, BIOS, uye firmware. Kuchengetedza zvese izvozvo zvichiripo kwakakosha kune sisitimu yekutonhodza inoshanda sezvakagadzirwasezvo kugadzikana kwakawanda uye kuvandudzwa kwekutonga kwekupisa kunouya zvakananga kuburikidza neBIOS kana madhiraivha.
Kugadziriswa kwekupisa kunopfuura software: kuyerera kwemhepo, thermal paste, uye kuchenesa
Hazvina mhosva kuti unogadzirisa sei ma profiles ako ekupisa muWindows 11, kana Hardware yacho haitsigirwi.Ucharamba uine matambudziko. Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa tembiricha yelaptop:
Kutanga, a kuyerera kwemhepoLaptop yakaiswa pamubhedha, pasofa, kana pane imwe nzvimbo yakapfava ine magrille emhepo akavharika ichapisa zvakanyanya, zvisinei nehurongwa hwemagetsi ako. Zvakanaka, inofanira kugara yakaiswa panzvimbo yakasimba, zvichibvumira kufamba kwemhepo zvakanaka kuburikidza nemaburi eparutivi kana epasi. usazvipingamupinyiRutsigiro rwakareruka runosimudza musana zvishoma runobatsira zvikuru.
Chimwe chikamu chakakosha ndeche inopisa mafuta pakati peCPU/GPU nesystem yekutonhodza. Nekufamba kwenguva, izvi zvinogona kuoma uye kurasikirwa nekugona kwazvo kuendesa kupisa kuheatsink, zvichiita kuti tembiricha yemukati ikwire sezvo fan ichitenderera nekukurumidza. Mumasystem ekare, a kutsiva thermal paste uye kucheneswa kwakanyatsonaka Guruva nejira rependi zvinowanzo kukonzera kudzikira kwemadhigirii akati wandei.
Pamusoro peizvi pane nyaya ye fan curvePamakombiyuta epakombiyuta, software yakaita seSpeedFan kana mamwe ma motherboard utilities anowanzo shandiswa kutsanangura tembiricha iyo fan yega yega inoisa kusvika pahuwandu hwakati. Pama laptop, curve iyi inowanzo tsanangurwa nevashandisi uye inodzorwa neBIOS kana software yemugadziri, asi mamwe ma laptop anobvumira mwero wekugadzirisa. Kana uine sarudzo iyi, unogona kugadzira curve ye fan ine simba. dzivisa kukwira kwekupisa kwenguva refu, kunyange zvazvo ungangonzwa ruzha rwakawanda.
Kunewo vashandisi vanosarudza undervoltIzvi zvinoreva kuderedza zvishoma voltage inogamuchirwa neCPU saka inoshandisa simba shoma uye, nekudaro, inogadzira kupisa kushoma. Kana yaitwa nemazvo, kukanganisa mashandiro ayo kushoma uye kuvandudzwa kwekupisa kunogona kuonekwa, asi mumalaptop mazhinji emazuva ano, izvi zvinogumira kana kuvharwa neBIOS nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza. Kana komputa yako ichibvumira, zvakanaka kuti urambe wakanyatsongwarira, edza kugadzirisa kudiki, uye simbisa kugadzikana uchishandisa bvunzo dzekushushikana.
Pakupedzisira, usakanganwa kuchenesa nguva nenguva Mukati melaptop, guruva rinoungana pamafeni neheatsink, zvichiita kuti pave nejira rinoita segumbeze rinodziya. Kugadzirisa kwegore negore (kana kunyangwe kugadzirisa kwehafu yegore munzvimbo dzine guruva rakawanda) kunobatsira zvikuru kuchengetedza tembiricha dziri pasi pekudzora pasina kuda kugadzirisa marongero zvakanyanya.
Windows 11 yakagadzirirwa zvakanaka: kuchengetedzeka, mashandiro, uye kusanyanya kushandisa ma bloatware
Kuti ma profiles ako ekupisa ashande zvechokwadi, unoda kuti zvimwe zvese zvesystem zvishande zvinoenderana nazvo. bloatware Kuzadza ndangariro, maitiro ekutanga asina kufanira, uye madhiraivha ekare zvinoita kuti CPU ishande uye iwedzere kupisa kupfuura zvainofanira "kungobuda mubhokisi."
Nzvimbo yakanaka yekutanga ndeyekuongorora kutanga mafomuDzvanya Ctrl + Shift + Esc kuti uvhure Task Manager wobva waenda ku "Startup" tab. Ipapo uchaona zvese zvinotanga neWindows: usazeza kudzima chero chinhu chisingakoshi (security, hardware drivers, maturusi emugadziri aunoshandisa chaizvo). Mapurogiramu mashoma anotanga pakutanga, kuderedza mutoro usingaperi paCPU uye nokudaro kupisa kushoma kunogara kwenguva refu.
MuMagadzirirwo > Mapurogiramu > Mapurogiramu akaiswa, chenesa software yakatoiswa kare yausingazoshandiseMavhezheni ekuyedza, mitambo isingadiwe, maturusi akafanana… Zvisinei, dzivisa kudzima madhiraivha esystem yakakosha kana emugadziri uye zvishandiso. Chengeta zvinhu zvakaita seHP Support Assistant uye mapaneru ekudzora odhiyo kana mifananidzo, semuenzaniso.
Kana zvakadaro SeguridadWindows Defender yakakwana kune vashandisi vazhinji uye inowanzo gadziriswa zvakanaka. Kugonesa maficha akaita seSmartScreen, firewall, uye dziviriro inobva kuhardware kunobatsira kuchengetedza iwe pasina kuda masuites makuru ayo dzimwe nguva anowedzera masevhisi ekumashure uye Vanodya zvinhu zvisina basa..
Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe magadzirirwo akaitwa zvakanaka haambokuvadzi: chengetedza Windows Update ichivandudzwa, uye isawo zvigadziriso zvemutyairi zvesarudzo Uye tarisa nguva nenguva kuti uone maBIOS matsva kana firmware pawebhusaiti yemugadziri. Kazhinji, izvi zvinosanganisira kuvandudzwa kwekugadzikana kwekushisa kana kugadziriswa kwefeni izvo zvisingashambadzirwe zvakanyanya, asi zvinoita mutsauko unooneka.
Kuramba uchitarisa uye kugadzirisa nguva nenguva
Kugadzirisa chimiro chekupisa hakusi basa rinongoitika kamwe chete, kanganwa nezvazvo zvachose. Kuchinja mashandisirwo, unoisa mapurogiramu matsva, Microsoft inoburitsa zvichangobva kuitika, nguva yekombuta yako—zvose izvi zvinokanganisa mashandiro ekupisa. Ndosaka zvichikurudzirwa. gadzira hurongwa hudiki hwekugadzirisa.
Vhiki rega regaUnogona kupedza maminitsi mashoma pa:
- Tarisa kana paine zvigadziriso zveWindows zvakamirira wozvishandisa.
- Bvisa cache yebrowser yako wovhara ma tabs agara achishandiswa kwenguva refu anosanganisira RAM neCPU.
Mwedzi wega wega, zvinokurudzirwa:
- Shandisa HP Support Assistant (kana chishandiso chakafanana) kuti tsvaga madhiraivha akagadziridzwa.
- Ongorora zvakare mapurogiramu ako ekutanga uye dzima chero chinhu chapinda munguva pfupi yapfuura.
- Mhanya bvunzo pfupi yekushushikana (mutambo unorema, bvunzo yekuenzanisa, nezvimwewo) Kuona tembiricha muAfterburner.
Kwekota kana kamwe chete pagoreZvichienderana nekuti unoishandisa sei, hazvingakuvadzi kuva ne:
- Chenesa mafaira enguva pfupi uye sunungura nzvimbo yedhisiki, uchichengeta kanenge rimwe chete 15% nzvimbo yemahara.
- Iva nechokwadi chekuti ma backups ako (emuno neegore) ari kuitwa nemazvo.
- Kana mudziyo wacho watova nemakore maviri, uvhure kuti uwane kupukuta guruva uye kuongorora feni.
Zvese izvi zvinobatsira nemaprofiles ekupisa awakagadzira nokungwarira ramba wakafanana nekufamba kwenguvaKana ukangoerekana waona kuti mutambo mumwe chete waimbomhanya pa75°C wava kusvika 90°C nemaitiro akafanana, chiratidzo chekuti pane chachinja uye yave nguva yekuferefeta.
Kugadzira ma profiles ekupisa akagadzirwa palaptop yako yeWindows 11 kunosanganisira kusanganisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana: kuyera panguva chaiyo uchishandisa maturusi akaita seMSI AfterburnerKuvhura nekugadzirisa sarudzo dzemagetsi dzepamusoro (kusanganisira marongero ekutonhodza masisitimu), kushandisa software yevagadziri nekuchenjera (HP Command Center, OMEN Gaming Hub, nedzimwe), kugadzirisa zvinhu zviri nyore, uye kugadzirisa Windows pasina bloatware kana maitiro asina basa. Kana zvese izvi zvikabatana, laptop yako inova chishandiso chinoshanduka-shanduka: yakanyarara kana ichidikanwa, ine simba kana ichidikanwa, uye, pamusoro pezvose, inokwanisa kuchengetedza chiyero ichocho kwemakore pasina kupisa zvakanyanya.
